Fluid Retention in Summer: Causes, Solutions, and Common Mistakes
With the heat, hormonal changes, and the more irregular pace of summer, it is normal to notice bothersome swelling in the legs, abdomen, or face. This symptom, common but sometimes frustrating, occurs when a extracellular fluid retention.
Those changes in the body volume can cause us to weigh more on the scale. But the good news is that these symptoms disappear as quickly as they arrive. Those who tend to suffer from it most it is women, as they have thinner skin and less muscle mass, as well as a higher level of hormones. High temperatures don't help either, so in this article, we'll share some recommendations for prevent water retention this summer.
What is water retention and why does it happen?
Our body needs water to function. This is obvious, but it is worth remembering that the intracellular water is key to the proper functioning of cells and, consequently, of all millions of metabolic reactions that occur in our body every second.
When this water circulates outside the cells or within the blood vessels and is located in the subcutaneous space is when we feel—and perceive—that bloating. That is what we commonly call “retention.”
And it usually happens for three main reasons:
1. Excess sodium and imbalanced potassium:
salt (sodium chloride) retains water. For every gram of salt, the body can retain 3 to 4 times its weight in water. The balance sodium intake with potassium-rich foods, which promote the excretion of fluids through the kidneys.
That excess salt is also commonly found in foods ultra-processed foods to increase its lifespan, another cause that leads to us losing that balance between sodium and potassium.
Hence the importance of increasing intake with potassium-rich products:
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Legumes, especially beans, chickpeas, and lentils.
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Coconut water
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Avocado
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Sweet potato or yam
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Spinach
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Banana
2. Hormonal imbalances, such as excess cortisol
Certain hormones promote retention, including:
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High cortisol (chronic stress): can "mimic" aldosterone, the hormone that retains sodium and water.
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Progesterone: increases during the second phase of the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy, which increases retention.
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High insulin (insulin resistance): it also promotes the accumulation of extracellular fluid.
Additionally, for women who experience significant water retention during PMS, we recommend incorporating dietary supplements such as our FemmeBalance.
3. A sedentary lifestyle and poor hydration
The lack of movement restricts venous and lymphatic return. Additionally, drinking too little water prevents the body from eliminating sodium. For this reason, working out is key to helping us reduce water retention.
Not only will we eliminate them through sweat, but exercising will also make us drink more water, which will help us flush out that excess.
What solutions are there to reduce water retention?
Incorporate the following habits:
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Increase your water intake (yes, more water = less retention)
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Get regular, moderate physical exercise
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Avoid ultra-processed foods
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Sleep well and try to reduce stress
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If you work sitting down, get up every hour to move your legs
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Elevate your legs at the end of the day
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Opt for temperature contrasts with hot and cold showers on the legs and ankles to activate the lymphatic system.
Drinking herbal teas with draining effect it can also help eliminate that extracellular water, such as:
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Dandelion, to promote diuresis without losing potassium
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Horsetail, very rich in silica. Helps with drainage and improves hair health.
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Nettle, with diuretic and remineralizing action.
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Parsley, contains myristicin, apigenin, and potassium
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Uva ursi, with antimicrobial and diuretic effects thanks to arbutin.
Read more
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Síndrome metabólico: qué es, cómo se diagnostica y cómo mejorarlo
Glucosa, triglicéridos, presión arterial, peso… solemos fijarnos en estos parámetros por separado, pero la salud metabólica no depende de un único valor. Lo importante muchas veces está en cómo se relacionan entre sí y en qué ocurre cuando varias alteraciones aparecen al mismo tiempo. El síndrome metabólico es precisamente la combinación de diferentes factores de riesgo metabólico y cardiovascular. No siempre produce síntomas evidentes y puede aparecer incluso en personas que no presentan obesidad. En este artículo veremos qué es el síndrome metabólico, cuáles son sus criterios, por qué puede aparecer y qué estrategias pueden ayudar a mejorar sus diferentes componentes. También veremos qué papel puede tener la suplementación y hasta dónde llega realmente la evidencia. ¿Qué es el síndrome metabólico? El síndrome metabólico no es una única enfermedad, sino la aparición conjunta de varios factores de riesgo metabólico y cardiovascular. Para establecer su presencia se valoran cinco componentes: el perímetro de cintura, los triglicéridos, el colesterol HDL, la presión arterial y la glucosa en ayunas. El diagnóstico se establece cuando están presentes al menos tres de estos cinco criterios. Por eso, hablar de síndrome metabólico no significa simplemente tener sobrepeso, tener el azúcar alto o presentar hipertensión. Lo que importa es la combinación de diferentes alteraciones. ¿Cuáles son los síntomas del síndrome metabólico? Una de las particularidades del síndrome metabólico es que puede no producir síntomas evidentes. Una cintura abdominal elevada puede apreciarse externamente, pero una presión arterial alta, unos triglicéridos elevados o un HDL bajo pueden pasar completamente desapercibidos. Cuando la glucosa está suficientemente elevada sí pueden aparecer síntomas como mayor sed, aumento de la micción, cansancio o visión borrosa. Por eso, sentirse bien no significa necesariamente que la salud metabólica esté en buenas condiciones. La valoración debe realizarse teniendo en cuenta diferentes medidas y parámetros analíticos, no únicamente cómo nos encontramos. ¿Cómo se diagnostica? Los 5 criterios del síndrome metabólico El diagnóstico se basa en la presencia de al menos tres de los cinco criterios establecidos. Los valores utilizados habitualmente son: Perímetro de cintura elevado: los puntos de corte dependen de la población y del criterio utilizado. Triglicéridos: ≥150 mg/dL (1,7 mmol/L) o tratamiento específico. HDL: <40 mg/dL en hombres o <50 mg/dL en mujeres, o tratamiento. Presión arterial: ≥130/85 mmHg o tratamiento antihipertensivo. Glucosa en ayunas: ≥100 mg/dL (5,6 mmol/L) o tratamiento. En el caso del perímetro de cintura existe una particularidad: los puntos de corte pueden variar según la población y la región. Para personas de origen europeo, por ejemplo, la Federación Internacional de Diabetes propone ≥94 cm en hombres y ≥80 cm en mujeres, aunque otros criterios utilizan valores diferentes. Por eso, estos datos sirven para comprender cómo se establece el diagnóstico, pero la valoración debe individualizarse en función del contexto de cada persona. ¿Qué causa el síndrome metabólico? No existe una única causa capaz de explicar el síndrome metabólico. La adiposidad abdominal y la resistencia a la insulina están estrechamente relacionadas con su aparición, aunque la fisiopatología es más compleja. La resistencia a la insulina lleva décadas estudiándose como uno de los posibles elementos comunes. Cuando las células responden peor a la acción de la insulina, el organismo necesita producir más cantidad para conseguir mantener la glucosa dentro de unos niveles adecuados. Con el tiempo, esta alteración puede relacionarse con otros cambios metabólicos, como alteraciones de los lípidos, aumento de la grasa abdominal o cambios en el control de la glucosa. Por eso, cuando hablamos de salud metabólica, no deberíamos centrarnos únicamente en el azúcar en sangre. Glucosa, lípidos, presión arterial y composición corporal forman parte de un mismo contexto metabólico. ¿Se puede tener síndrome metabólico sin obesidad? Sí. El perímetro de cintura elevado es uno de los cinco criterios, pero no es imprescindible para establecer el diagnóstico. Una persona puede no presentar obesidad y, aun así, cumplir tres de los otros criterios: por ejemplo, tener la glucosa elevada, triglicéridos altos y presión arterial elevada. Del mismo modo, una persona con exceso de peso no tiene por qué presentar necesariamente todas estas alteraciones. Por eso, el peso corporal por sí solo no permite determinar cómo está la salud metabólica. Es necesario valorar el conjunto de parámetros y el contexto individual. ¿Cómo se puede mejorar el síndrome metabólico? Los cambios en el estilo de vida constituyen una parte fundamental del abordaje, especialmente cuando se combinan alimentación y actividad física. Una revisión reciente que reunió 98 ensayos clínicos y más de 12.800 participantes con síndrome metabólico observó que las intervenciones que combinaban componentes nutricionales y actividad física presentaban ventajas frente al ejercicio aislado para mejorar el síndrome metabólico. Esto no significa que exista una única dieta o un único tipo de ejercicio que funcione para todas las personas. Cada una de las alteraciones presentes puede necesitar, además, un abordaje específico. Por eso, mejorar la salud metabólica no consiste en buscar una solución rápida, sino en trabajar sobre los diferentes factores que están alterados. ¿Qué papel tiene la fibra en la salud metabólica? Dentro de la alimentación, la fibra soluble puede resultar especialmente interesante. Una revisión de 181 ensayos clínicos con más de 14.500 participantes observó reducciones globales del colesterol total, LDL y triglicéridos con la suplementación de fibra soluble. Sin embargo, el efecto variaba en función del tipo de fibra, la dosis utilizada y las características de las personas estudiadas. Esto es importante porque no podemos asumir que todas las fibras producen exactamente el mismo efecto ni que una determinada dosis tendrá el mismo resultado en todas las personas. Una de las fibras que cuenta con investigación específica es la goma guar parcialmente hidrolizada o PHGG. En un ensayo realizado en personas con diabetes tipo 2 y síndrome metabólico, la administración de 10 g diarios de PHGG durante seis semanas se relacionó con una reducción del perímetro de cintura y de la HbA1c respecto al inicio del estudio. Sin embargo, no se observaron cambios en otros parámetros como la glucosa en ayunas, los triglicéridos, el HDL, el LDL o la presión arterial. Esto permite entender mejor dónde puede tener interés la fibra: como parte de una estrategia global, no como una intervención capaz de corregir por sí sola el síndrome metabólico. ¿Puede ser útil suplementar fibra? Cuando resulta difícil alcanzar un aporte suficiente de fibra mediante la alimentación, un suplemento puede ayudar a completar la ingesta. FiberTotal aporta 6 g de fibra soluble por toma, de los cuales 3 g proceden de PHGG Sunfiber®. Esta fibra destaca por su tolerancia digestiva y por contar con certificación como baja en FODMAP. Ahora bien, es importante mantener el contexto: la cantidad de PHGG de FiberTotal no reproduce la dosis utilizada en el ensayo clínico mencionado anteriormente. Por tanto, no debemos trasladar automáticamente los resultados de un estudio realizado con una dosis concreta a cualquier producto que contenga el mismo ingrediente. La suplementación debe entenderse como una herramienta para complementar la alimentación cuando tiene sentido, no como un sustituto de una dieta adecuada. ¿Pueden ayudar los suplementos en el síndrome metabólico? Los suplementos no sustituyen a la alimentación, la actividad física ni al tratamiento médico cuando este es necesario. Dicho esto, algunos ingredientes se han estudiado por su posible influencia sobre parámetros relacionados con el metabolismo de la glucosa y los lípidos. Aquí es importante diferenciar entre la evidencia disponible sobre un ingrediente concreto y la evidencia de una fórmula completa. Que un ingrediente haya demostrado determinados efectos en un estudio no significa automáticamente que una combinación que lo contiene vaya a producir exactamente el mismo resultado. Berberina y síndrome metabólico La berberina es uno de los ingredientes que cuenta con mayor investigación clínica dentro de este contexto. Una revisión reciente de ensayos aleatorizados y controlados con placebo encontró efectos favorables sobre diferentes parámetros: triglicéridos, LDL, colesterol total, glucosa en ayunas, glucosa a las dos horas, índice de masa corporal y perímetro de cintura. En cambio, no encontró un efecto global significativo sobre el HDL o la presión arterial. Estos resultados son interesantes, pero deben interpretarse correctamente. La evidencia disponible no permite afirmar que la berberina revierta por sí sola el síndrome metabólico. Además, la revisión evaluó berberina de alta pureza administrada sin otros ingredientes. Por tanto, sus resultados no pueden trasladarse directamente a cualquier formulación que contenga berberina. ¿Por qué importa la formulación de la berberina? Uno de los aspectos que se han estudiado en relación con la berberina es su limitada absorción oral. Por este motivo se han desarrollado diferentes formulaciones destinadas a mejorar su biodisponibilidad. Metabolic-Max utiliza Berbevis®, una formulación de berberina asociada a una matriz con fosfolípidos y otros componentes. En un estudio farmacocinético realizado en 12 voluntarios sanos, la formulación de berberina asociada a fosfolípidos produjo una exposición plasmática superior a la de la berberina no formulada. La exposición total fue aproximadamente 9,76 veces superior después de tener en cuenta la distinta cantidad efectiva de berberina administrada. Pero hay una diferencia importante entre biodisponibilidad y efecto clínico. Que una formulación produzca una mayor exposición a la berberina no significa que tenga un efecto clínico nueve o diez veces mayor. ¿Qué sabemos de la silimarina? La silimarina, procedente del cardo mariano, también se ha estudiado en diferentes contextos relacionados con la salud metabólica. Un metaanálisis de 33 ensayos y 1.943 participantes encontró reducciones en glucosa en ayunas, insulina, HbA1c, colesterol total, triglicéridos y LDL. Sin embargo, los estudios incluidos presentaban diferencias importantes en cuanto a población, dosis y duración. Además, la mayoría presentaba una calidad metodológica baja o un riesgo de sesgo elevado. Por eso, resulta más adecuado considerar la silimarina como un ingrediente de apoyo dentro de una estrategia global, y no convertirla por sí sola en la protagonista del abordaje metabólico. ¿Qué sabemos de la Gymnema sylvestre? Con Gymnema sylvestre debemos ser algo más prudentes. La investigación clínica disponible es más limitada y existen diferencias importantes entre los extractos utilizados, las dosis, la duración de los estudios y su estandarización. En un pequeño ensayo doble ciego y controlado con placebo realizado en personas con intolerancia a la glucosa, se administraron 600 mg diarios durante 12 semanas. Dentro del grupo suplementado se observaron cambios en algunos parámetros, entre ellos la glucosa a las dos horas, la HbA1c, el LDL, el peso, el índice de masa corporal y la sensibilidad a la insulina. Sin embargo, al finalizar la intervención no existían diferencias significativas entre grupos en las variables continuas analizadas. Una revisión posterior también destaca la heterogeneidad de la evidencia y la necesidad de realizar estudios clínicos más amplios y de mayor duración. Por tanto, puede considerarse un ingrediente complementario de interés, pero todavía necesitamos más evidencia para definir con precisión su efecto clínico. ¿Dónde encaja Metabolic-Max? Después de revisar cada uno de estos ingredientes, podemos entender mejor la lógica de una fórmula orientada a la salud metabólica. Metabolic-Max no debe entenderse como un producto destinado a «acelerar» el metabolismo. Su planteamiento es reunir diferentes ingredientes relacionados con algunos de los procesos que hemos explicado. La dosis diaria de dos cápsulas aporta: 550 mg de Berbevis®, que proporcionan 170,5 mg de berberina. 300 mg de Gymnema sylvestre, que aportan 225 mg de ácidos gimnémicos. 132 mg de cardo mariano, que aportan 105 mg de silimarina. 4,75 mg de piperina. 100 µg de cromo. Además de la berberina, la gymnema y la silimarina, el cromo contribuye al metabolismo normal de los macronutrientes y al mantenimiento de niveles normales de glucosa en sangre. La fórmula, por tanto, debe entenderse como una herramienta complementaria dentro de una estrategia más amplia de cuidado metabólico, que parte de la alimentación y la actividad física y que debe adaptarse a las necesidades de cada persona. Preguntas frecuentes sobre el síndrome metabólico ¿El síndrome metabólico es lo mismo que la resistencia a la insulina? No. La resistencia a la insulina aparece frecuentemente asociada al síndrome metabólico, pero no constituye por sí sola el diagnóstico. Para hablar de síndrome metabólico deben cumplirse al menos tres de los cinco criterios establecidos: perímetro de cintura, triglicéridos, HDL, presión arterial y glucosa en ayunas. ¿Se puede revertir el síndrome metabólico? Sus diferentes componentes pueden mejorar hasta el punto de que una persona deje de cumplir los criterios diagnósticos. Sin embargo, no existe una única intervención válida para todos los casos. La estrategia dependerá de qué parámetros estén alterados y puede incluir cambios en la alimentación, actividad física y, cuando sea necesario, tratamiento específico. ¿Los suplementos aceleran el metabolismo? No es una forma adecuada de describir la función de los suplementos que hemos revisado. Su posible interés se relaciona principalmente con parámetros como glucosa, insulina, lípidos o composición corporal, no con demostrar un aumento general del gasto energético. Por eso, hablar de «acelerar el metabolismo» simplifica en exceso su posible función. ¿Metabolic-Max sirve para adelgazar? No debería plantearse como un producto específicamente destinado a perder peso. La evidencia clínica disponible se refiere principalmente a ingredientes individuales o a combinaciones concretas, no a Metabolic-Max como fórmula completa. El control del peso debe abordarse desde una estrategia global que tenga en cuenta la alimentación, la actividad física, el descanso y las características individuales de cada persona. La salud metabólica se entiende mejor cuando dejamos de mirar cada dato por separado El síndrome metabólico nos recuerda algo importante: la salud metabólica no depende de un único parámetro. Glucosa, lípidos, presión arterial y composición corporal están relacionados entre sí y deben interpretarse dentro del contexto de cada persona. Por eso, mejorar la salud metabólica no consiste en buscar un suplemento que «acelere» el metabolismo ni en centrarse únicamente en perder peso. La base sigue siendo una alimentación adecuada, actividad física y un abordaje individualizado de las alteraciones que puedan existir. La fibra y determinados ingredientes pueden tener un papel complementario cuando están justificados, pero la suplementación debe acompañar a la estrategia, no sustituirla. Entender qué está ocurriendo en cada caso permite tomar mejores decisiones y utilizar cada herramienta en el momento adecuado. Saber más para temer menos y elegir mejor. -
Essential nutrients during weight loss diets: what they are and how to avoid deficiencies
Weight loss isn't just about eating less; it's about achieving high-quality weight loss. When you reduce calories, your intake of vitamins and minerals drops, leading to fatigue, weakness, or muscle loss. Discover the essential nutrients your body craves during a restrictive diet and how to avoid deficiencies without stalling your progress. -
Metabolic Health: How to Know if It's Altered and What to Do to Improve It
Metabolic health is fundamental for preventing chronic diseases such as diabetes or cardiovascular problems. Alterations in glucose, cholesterol, and inflammation can be warning signs. With small changes in diet, exercise, and sleep, you can improve your metabolic health. -
Proteins and energy metabolism: How to optimize your daily energy
Discover how protein boosts energy metabolism and learn how to optimally incorporate it into your diet . Proteins: The engine of your energy metabolism Proteins are essential macronutrients that play a fundamental role in multiple biological functions , beyond building and repairing tissues. Their influence on energy metabolism is highly significant, as they form the backbone of multiple metabolic processes that determine our capacity to generate, maintain, and utilize energy. From a physiological perspective, the amino acids that compose them actively participate in enzyme synthesis, hormonal regulation, and cell signaling —essential functions for proper energy metabolism.¹ One of its most notable characteristics is its high thermic effect , meaning the energy the body expends to digest, absorb, and metabolize this macronutrient. It is estimated that this expenditure could represent between 20% and 30% of its total caloric value , well above the 5-10% of carbohydrates and the 0-3% of fats.² This explains why a temporary increase in energy expenditure occurs after a high-protein meal, a phenomenon known as diet-induced thermogenesis.² In addition, proteins are involved in key metabolic pathways such as the citric acid cycle and gluconeogenesis, contributing to energy supply in situations of fasting or high energy demand.³ When glucose availability is limited, certain amino acids such as alanine or glutamine can be transformed into glucose in the liver, thus ensuring energy supply to dependent organs such as the brain or erythrocytes . Another important aspect is the role of protein in maintaining lean mass, a key determinant of basal metabolic rate. Muscle mass is the most metabolically active tissue in the body , responsible for a large part of nutrient oxidation and energy production. Adequate protein intake helps preserve this tissue even as we age, when it tends to decline. Consequently , maintaining good muscle mass through a diet rich in quality protein not only improves body composition but also optimizes metabolic efficiency and daily vitality.⁴ How protein influences your daily energy: Beyond muscle The relationship between protein intake and daily energy is not limited to muscle function. In fact, amino acids act as precursors to neurotransmitters directly involved in feelings of energy, motivation, and mood. For example, tryptophan is essential for serotonin synthesis , while tyrosine is essential for the synthesis of dopamine and norepinephrine . Therefore, an adequate protein intake ensures the availability of these amino acids and, consequently, a neurochemical balance that translates into greater mental clarity. From a metabolic perspective, proteins also contribute to stabilizing blood glucose levels. Unlike simple carbohydrates, they are digested more slowly, which reduces glucose and insulin spikes after meals.² This effect is associated with more stable energy levels and less fatigue or drowsiness after meals . Furthermore, we know that proteins stimulate the secretion of intestinal hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY), which increase the feeling of satiety and modulate appetite.⁵ Another way in which proteins influence daily energy is through their interaction with mitochondrial metabolism . Several studies show that branched-chain amino acids (especially leucine) stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and mTOR pathway activity, promoting greater energy production capacity at the cellular level. In other words, a diet rich in protein not only fuels muscles, but also improves the efficiency with which our cells generate ATP , the body's energy currency.⁵ This set of mechanisms explains why diets with sufficient protein tend to be associated with less physical and mental fatigue, better weight control, and improved cognitive performance . In high-demand contexts, such as in athletes, people with chronic stress, or older adults, protein becomes a key modulator of energy metabolism.⁴ Practical strategies to integrate them into your daily life Understanding the importance of protein is only the first step. The real challenge lies in being able to integrate it into your daily diet in a balanced and sustainable way. Below, we'll outline several practical strategies to make this easier for you: Distribute protein throughout the day : Several studies suggest that a consistent distribution of protein across meals, rather than concentrating it in a single meal, maximizes protein synthesis and improves energy stability.⁶ Ideally, each main meal should provide between 20 and 30 g of high-quality protein, adjusting according to activity level and individual needs. A high-protein breakfast will make a difference in your morning energy levels . For example, a bowl of plain Greek yogurt with whole-grain oats and soaked chia seeds, almond butter, and berries combines protein, soluble fats, and complex carbohydrates to keep blood sugar levels stable and your mind sharp. Prioritize protein quality : High-biological-value proteins, such as those from eggs, fish, lean meats, or fermented dairy products, contain all the essential amino acids in optimal proportions. However, a vegetarian or vegan diet can also perfectly meet protein needs if foods are combined appropriately . Variety is key to ensuring a complete profile of amino acids and micronutrients associated with energy metabolism, such as iron, zinc, and vitamin B12.⁷ For example, you can prepare a complete quinoa salad with pomegranate, arugula, sweet potato, tomato, avocado, and boiled egg, which will provide essential proteins and nutrients. Combine protein with foods like complex carbohydrates and healthy fats , which work synergistically to help improve glycemic response and prolong available energy. An interesting meal could include oily fish with roasted sweet potato and steamed broccoli or green asparagus, an option that provides amino acids, fiber, antioxidants, and micronutrients that support mitochondrial function. Consider periods of increased energy demand, as protein requirements may rise , such as during periods of heightened physical activity, chronic stress, or following an injury. In these cases, supplementation with high-quality protein supplements could be beneficial, always within a supervised and personalized approach.⁸ Opt for healthy, protein-rich snacks such as nuts, seeds, hummus with raw vegetables, as well as fermented dairy smoothies (yogurt or kefir) with antioxidant-rich fruits (blueberries, pomegranate, raspberries) and a quality protein powder. These are delicious and nutritious options that you'll love! Don't forget the other factors that influence your energy metabolism . Although protein plays a key role, energy metabolism is multifactorial. Aspects such as rest, daily movement, hydration, and stress management directly influence the body's ability to produce and use energy.⁹ In short, protein is not just a structural nutrient, but a key component of the body's energy system . Optimizing your intake, choosing quality sources, and maintaining habits that support energy metabolism can make all the difference. Start planning your meals today as we've explained, and watch your daily energy levels improve. Your body will thank you! References Nunes EA, Colenso-Semple L, McKellar SR, Yau T, Ali MU et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of protein intake to support muscle mass and function in healthy adults. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022 Apr; 13(2): 795-810. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12922. Halton TL, Hu FB. The effects of high protein diets on thermogenesis, satiety and weight loss: a critical review. J Am Coll Nutr. 2004 Oct;23(5):373-85. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2004.10719381. Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Lemmens SG, Westerterp KR. Dietary protein - its role in satiety, energetics, weight loss and health. Br J Nutr. 2012 Aug;108 Suppl 2:S105-12. doi: 10.1017/S0007114512002589. Paddon-Jones D, Campbell WW, Jacques PF, Kritchevsky SB, Moore LL, Rodriguez NR, van Loon LJ. Protein and healthy aging. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Jun;101(6):1339S-1345S. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.114.084061. Van der Klaauw AA, Keogh JM, Henning E, Trowse VM, Dhillo WS, Ghatei MA, Farooqi IS. High protein intake stimulates postprandial GLP1 and PYY release. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2013 Aug;21(8):1602-7. doi: 10.1002/oby.20154. Mamerow MM, Mettler JA, English KL, et al. Dietary protein distribution positively influences 24-h muscle protein synthesis in healthy adults. J Nutr. 2014 Jun;144(6):876-80. doi: 10.3945/jn.113.185280. Mariotti F, Gardner CD. Dietary Protein and Amino Acids in Vegetarian Diets-A Review. Nutrients. 2019 Nov 4;11(11):2661. doi:10.3390/nu11112661. Phillips SM, Van Loon LJ. Dietary protein for athletes: from requirements to optimal adaptation. J Sports Sci. 2011;29 Suppl 1:S29-38. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2011.619204. Chaput JP, McHill AW, Cox RC, Broussard JL, Dutil C, et al. The role of insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment in obesity. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2023 Feb;19(2):82-97. doi:10.1038/s41574-022-00747-7 -
How does alcohol affect our metabolism?
Alcohol consumption is becoming increasingly widespread in Spain. It is not surprising to see terraces crowded with people: it is a ritual that is cheap, accessible, disinhibits our behavior, promotes socialization, and is inseparable from leisure. It seems almost like an obligation: the party doesn't exist without alcohol, even less so in summer. But the highly normalized integration of this drink implies, in turn, a lack of awareness regarding its consumption and all the health problems it entails. Before starting, it is important to emphasize that every person is free to choose their reasons for drinking whenever and however they want. However, information must also be provided—based on outreach and scientific backing—about all the dangers that drinking poses. Because its consumption will never be safe or recommended. In fact, there is a direct link between alcohol and the risk of developing cancer. There are some causally associated types, such as cancer of the oral cavity, larynx, liver, breast, pancreas, stomach, or colorectal cancer. How many cases are detected per year? The data supports it: in Spain alone, 45,000 new cases of colorectal cancer were detected in 2024, 10% of them associated with alcohol. And of the 36,000 new cases of breast cancer detected, 8% also had a direct link to this drink. Finally, in the European Union, more than 180,000 cancer cases associated with alcohol consumption were recorded, according to data from the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology and the Spanish Network of Cancer Registries. How is alcohol metabolized in the body? The problem is not the type of drink; it doesn't matter if it's wine, beer, vodka, or gin. The real problem lies in the component they all have in common: ethanol. A colorless and volatile chemical compound that is also used as fuel or disinfectant. The metabolism of this substance is carried out through two pathways in the liver: the main one is alcohol dehydrogenase (the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ethanol) and the secondary one is the microsomal pathway (a metabolic pathway found in the liver). A process that produces acetaldehyde, a metabolite (a molecule) that is highly toxic to our body. What problems does acetaldehyde cause? It is an organic, liquid, colorless, volatile, and carcinogenic chemical compound. It is responsible for causing facial flushing, nausea, palpitations, and hangovers. However, one of the greatest dangers of this substance is that it manages to bind to our DNA, distorting and destroying its structure and promoting the appearance of malignant cells and free radicals. This causes, among other things, liver toxicity, cellular oxidative damage, and a depletion of our antioxidant reserves such as vitamin C, coenzyme Q10, or glutathione. As you can see, alcohol consumption doesn't just damage the liver, but our entire body. The direct damage caused to DNA by acetaldehyde mutation, if replicated uncontrollably, also leads to a higher risk of tumors. By blocking DNA repair systems, it increases the carcinogenic effect of other substances, inactivates tumor suppressor genes, and activates proto-oncogenes—genes that promote cancer. [tiktok_1] The negative effects of alcohol on memory and the brain: Alcohol also has a direct impact at a neurological level: It produces a neurotransmitter imbalance: it promotes GABA and inhibits glutamate, an effect that makes it difficult to generate new memories. It also reduces the absorption of vitamin B1 and B12, which carries a risk of reversible dementia. It promotes the loss of magnesium, key for neuronal function. It promotes the onset of neuronal oxidative stress: which implies a higher risk of suffering from Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and dementia. It alters the REM phase during sleep, by preventing nocturnal brain repair: a consequence that worsens memory and aging. How alcohol interferes with our hormonal system: Alcohol consumption also causes an increase in aromatase, a key enzyme in estrogen synthesis: It also produces: Lower intake of proteins and micronutrients Less physical activity due to hangovers and fatigue A consequence that produces: greater loss of muscle mass, alteration of body composition, and low libido. We leave you more information in this episode by Medical Scientist Dr. Isabel Viña: Episode 92: Alcohol -
Intermittent Fasting: What It Is and Its Benefits
What is intermittent fasting? What are its benefits? Is it recommended for everyone? We'll answer all these questions below. -
How to take care of yourself in summer: 5 keys to maintaining metabolic balance
With the arrival of summer, it's normal to be more lenient. We find it harder to maintain our exercise routine or watch our diet. And if we've stuck to it strictly all year, it's common to have intrusive thoughts, like feeling like we've thrown away all the effort of so many months. This doesn't have to be the case; in fact, it's even counterproductive, since the key to a healthy life also involves enjoying vacations without restrictions, guilt, or extreme demands. Remember that "every little bit counts." Any minute of exercise, serving of vegetables, fruit, or portion of protein adds up. That's why we're sharing a short list of very easy-to-incorporate tips to maintain our body composition in summer (and above all, stop blaming ourselves): Train less but don't stop moving Saying goodbye to the gym for a few weeks doesn't have to mean giving up on movement altogether. There are exercises or activities that also count as exercise, such as: Swimming in the pool or at the beach, as it activates our body without harming our joints. A practice that also has multiple cardiovascular benefits, as well as a relaxing effect. Walking is one of the best exercises for optimizing insulin sensitivity, especially after eating. Climbing stairs or incorporating any outdoor routine, such as exercises with resistance bands. In summary, keep staying active. The important thing is to maintain the same habits, -even with less effort- to avoid losing muscle mass. Try to incorporate protein or fiber into your meals Eating out frequently leads to a more frequent or higher intake of salt, carbohydrates, or saturated fats than usual. It's okay! The important thing is to try to incorporate at least one source of protein or fiber each day. Ideally, consume it at breakfast, as it's the meal most often eaten at home. Egg whites, whipped cottage cheese, tofu, plant-based drinks, or soy-based dairy are some of the best options. Another alternative worth incorporating is fiber: foods like lentils have the advantage of providing both of those sources. This will help us improve glucose, cholesterol, or triglyceride levels, and gut health. If you need "extra" help, our Metabolic-Max is designed to support liver health and maintain normal blood cholesterol or glucose levels. [products_1] Take care of your rest The heat, late dinners, and changes in routine disrupt sleep. And not sleeping enough affects hormones, appetite, and energy. Therefore, it's recommended to maintain a cool temperature for sleeping: between 18 and 20 Cº. Try to reduce alcohol The best alcohol is always the alcohol not consumed. According to Dr. Medical-Scientist Isabel Viña, there will never be a healthy or justifiable amount of alcohol. However, it's most common for alcohol intake to increase in the summer, especially in Spain. Therefore, if we are going to drink more, the ideal is to alternate drinks with water to avoid dehydration and hangovers. Remember that alcohol can disrupt sleep and our metabolism. [instagram_1] Avoid fluid retention As we discussed in previous articles, it's normal to feel more bloated or heavy in the summer. The heat dilates blood vessels, and excessive sodium intake increases extracellular fluid retention. Therefore: Include foods rich in potassium in your diet, such as avocado, banana, sweet potato, spinach, or tomato. Natural infusions and supplements like nettle, dandelion, horse chestnut, or diosmin. Stay well hydrated and move regularly to improve circulation. -
Does creatine cause bloating or weight gain?
Learn why creatine doesn't cause bloating or weight gain and discover its multiple benefits -
Hormonal Imbalance: Symptoms, Causes, and How to Restore Hormonal Balance
Hormonal imbalances can affect energy levels, sleep, mood, or the menstrual cycle in both women and men. Discover its most frequent symptoms, the factors that can cause it, and how to improve hormonal health through diet, rest, and lifestyle habits. -
Is it your thyroid or is it stress? How to differentiate persistent fatigue
Persistent fatigue can have multiple causes, ranging from thyroid disorders to chronic stress or nutritional deficiencies. Understanding how the thyroid works and what scientific evidence says is key to differentiating the origin of fatigue and addressing the problem appropriately.