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Proteína: cuánto necesitas, cómo elegirla y por qué es clave para mantener el músculo
Hola, soy la Dra. Isabel Viña Bas, médica y Directora Científica de IVB Wellness Lab.
Cada vez hablamos más de proteína. La encontramos en batidos, barritas, yogures, panes y todo tipo de alimentos enriquecidos. Y es normal que surjan preguntas: ¿realmente necesitamos tanta proteína? ¿Qué ocurre cuando la comemos? ¿Toda la proteína que ingerimos va al músculo? ¿Son todas las proteínas iguales? ¿Cuánta necesitamos según nuestra edad o nuestro nivel de actividad?
Para responder a estas preguntas, en este episodio me acompaña el Dr. Juan Viña, médico, catedrático de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y, además, experto en metabolismo de las proteínas.
Y hay una idea que va a estar presente durante toda la conversación: la proteína es mucho más que músculo.
Nuestro organismo necesita proteínas para mantener los tejidos, producir enzimas, fabricar hormonas, participar en las rutas metabólicas y desarrollar muchas otras funciones imprescindibles para la vida.
Por eso, cuando hablamos de proteína, tenemos que dejar de pensar únicamente en ganar masa muscular y empezar a entenderla desde una perspectiva mucho más amplia.
¿Qué hace nuestro cuerpo con la proteína que comemos?
Cuando ingerimos un alimento que contiene proteínas, nuestro organismo no utiliza directamente esa proteína tal y como la hemos comido.
Primero tiene que digerirla.
Las proteínas están formadas por cadenas de aminoácidos y, durante la digestión, esas estructuras se descomponen en unidades más pequeñas. Los aminoácidos se absorben en el intestino, pasan a la sangre y, a partir de ahí, pueden llegar a los diferentes tejidos del organismo.
Y aquí encontramos una de las primeras ideas importantes:
la proteína que comes no va directamente al músculo.
Los aminoácidos se distribuyen por todo el organismo y se utilizan para fabricar diferentes tipos de proteínas.
Por ejemplo, pueden utilizarse para producir:
Proteínas estructurales.
Enzimas.
Proteínas relacionadas con la defensa.
Hormonas.
Proteínas necesarias para las diferentes rutas metabólicas.
El músculo es uno de esos tejidos, pero no es el único.
¿Para qué necesita proteína el músculo?
El músculo necesita aminoácidos para fabricar las proteínas que forman sus estructuras.
Pero también necesita proteínas para que el propio músculo pueda funcionar correctamente.
Dentro del tejido muscular existen diferentes rutas metabólicas y enzimas que permiten que se produzcan procesos como la generación y utilización de energía, la acumulación de glucógeno o la contracción muscular.
Por tanto, cuando hablamos de proteína y músculo, tenemos que pensar en dos conceptos diferentes:
la proteína sirve para construir el músculo, pero también para que ese músculo pueda funcionar.
Y esto es especialmente importante a medida que envejecemos.
Porque el objetivo de mantener una buena masa muscular no es únicamente tener más músculo.
Es conseguir que el músculo siga siendo funcional.
Que nos permita caminar, levantarnos de una silla, subir escaleras, cargar bolsas, mantener nuestra independencia y luchar contra la fragilidad.
Por eso, cuidar el músculo es importante durante toda la vida.
Las proteínas no solo están en el músculo
Si pensamos en proteínas, probablemente lo primero que nos viene a la cabeza es el músculo.
Pero las proteínas están prácticamente en todas partes.
Por ejemplo, muchas hormonas son proteínas.
Entre ellas encontramos la insulina, la prolactina, la hormona de crecimiento y diferentes hormonas relacionadas con el funcionamiento del eje reproductivo, como la FSH y la LH.
También las enzimas son proteínas y son fundamentales para que puedan producirse las diferentes reacciones químicas que mantienen nuestro organismo funcionando.
Por tanto, cuando ingerimos proteína no estamos simplemente aportando "material para construir músculo".
Estamos proporcionando los aminoácidos que nuestro organismo necesita para fabricar sus propias proteínas.
El músculo tiene una importancia especial porque es un tejido muy activo y porque su mantenimiento está directamente relacionado con nuestra movilidad y nuestra independencia, pero metabólicamente hablando, no es el único tejido que necesita proteínas.
¿A dónde va la proteína que comemos?
Una vez que las proteínas se digieren y los aminoácidos se absorben, estos llegan a través de la circulación portal al hígado.
Y aquí encontramos una pieza fundamental.
El hígado es el primer gran órgano que recibe estos aminoácidos procedentes del intestino y utiliza una parte importante de ellos para sus propias funciones.
Entre otras cosas, el hígado utiliza aminoácidos para fabricar proteínas estructurales y proteínas que posteriormente libera a la sangre, como la albúmina.
Pero no todos los aminoácidos se quedan en el hígado.
Una parte continúa hacia la circulación general y puede llegar a otros tejidos como el cerebro, los riñones, el corazón o el músculo.
Por eso, cuando ingerimos proteína, existe una distribución de aminoácidos entre diferentes tejidos.
Y esto también nos ayuda a entender por qué la salud hepática es tan importante cuando hablamos de metabolismo de las proteínas.
¿Por qué es tan importante el hígado para metabolizar las proteínas?
Los aminoácidos tienen una estructura que contiene carbono y nitrógeno.
Cuando ingerimos más aminoácidos de los que necesitamos para fabricar proteínas, nuestro organismo tiene que metabolizarlos.
El grupo amino se transforma en urea, un proceso que ocurre en el hígado, y posteriormente la urea se elimina a través de la orina.
Por otra parte, la estructura carbonada de los aminoácidos puede oxidarse o transformarse en otros productos metabólicos.
En determinadas circunstancias, incluso puede contribuir a la formación de lípidos.
Por eso, el hígado tiene un papel fundamental en el metabolismo de los aminoácidos.
Y esto es especialmente interesante cuando hablamos de personas que presentan alteraciones metabólicas o acumulación de grasa hepática.
¿El ejercicio hace que más proteína llegue al músculo?
Aquí aparece uno de los conceptos más interesantes del episodio.
Los aminoácidos se distribuyen por el organismo, pero el ejercicio puede favorecer que una mayor cantidad llegue al músculo.
¿Y por qué?
Por varios mecanismos.
Por una parte, la insulina favorece la captación muscular de determinados aminoácidos, especialmente los aminoácidos de cadena ramificada.
Por otra, el propio ejercicio favorece el transporte de estos aminoácidos hacia el músculo.
Pero existe otro mecanismo muy sencillo que muchas veces olvidamos:
el ejercicio aumenta el flujo sanguíneo hacia el músculo.
Si en la sangre existe una determinada concentración de un aminoácido y aumenta el flujo sanguíneo hacia el tejido muscular, llegará una mayor cantidad de ese aminoácido al músculo.
Por eso, si queremos favorecer que los aminoácidos que ingerimos se utilicen para mantener y desarrollar nuestra masa muscular, la combinación tiene mucho sentido:
proteína suficiente + ejercicio de fuerza.
No se trata únicamente de comer más proteína.
Hay que proporcionar también al músculo el estímulo que necesita.
¿Cuánta proteína necesitamos al día?
Esta es probablemente una de las preguntas que más dudas genera.
Durante mucho tiempo se ha utilizado como referencia la cifra de 0,8 gramos de proteína por kilogramo de peso corporal al día.
Pero aquí es importante hacer una distinción:
0,8 g/kg no significa necesariamente que sea la cantidad óptima para todo el mundo.
Es una referencia mínima establecida en un determinado contexto y para unas determinadas condiciones.
Y las necesidades de una persona no son las mismas que las de otra.
No necesita lo mismo:
Una persona joven que una persona mayor.
Una persona sedentaria que una persona que entrena.
Una persona sana que una persona enferma.
Una persona que mantiene su peso que alguien que está perdiendo peso.
Una persona de 30 años que una persona de 80.
El ser humano es heterogéneo.
Por eso, no podemos coger una única cifra y aplicarla de manera idéntica a toda la población.
¿De dónde salió la recomendación de 0,8 g/kg?
Esta cifra tiene además un contexto histórico interesante.
Las primeras recomendaciones se establecieron hace décadas, en un momento en el que las circunstancias sociales y sanitarias eran muy diferentes.
Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, por ejemplo, existía una preocupación evidente por establecer cuál era la cantidad mínima de proteína que podía garantizarse en determinadas circunstancias.
Con el paso de los años, la investigación fue evolucionando y también lo hicieron los métodos utilizados para estudiar las necesidades proteicas.
Hoy disponemos de más conocimientos sobre las diferencias entre personas, el envejecimiento, el ejercicio físico, la enfermedad y la composición de las proteínas.
Por eso, la cifra de 0,8 g/kg puede quedarse corta para muchas personas.
Como referencia general, en el episodio se plantea una ingesta aproximada de 1,1-1,2 g de proteína por kilogramo de peso corporal al día, siempre teniendo en cuenta la calidad de la proteína y las características individuales.
En determinadas personas, especialmente cuando existe actividad física, las necesidades pueden ser superiores.
¿Las personas mayores necesitan más proteína?
La edad es uno de los factores que más debemos tener en cuenta.
Con el paso de los años aparece lo que conocemos como resistencia anabólica.
Esto significa que el músculo puede responder peor a una determinada cantidad de aminoácidos y al estímulo del ejercicio.
Una persona de 70 años puede ingerir exactamente la misma cantidad de proteína que una persona de 25 y, sin embargo, obtener una respuesta muscular diferente.
Esto ocurre porque el organismo cambia con la edad.
Puede existir una menor eficiencia en la absorción de determinados nutrientes, pueden coexistir enfermedades, puede aumentar el consumo de medicamentos y, sobre todo, puede disminuir la actividad física.
Por eso, mantener una ingesta adecuada de proteína y acompañarla de ejercicio de fuerza adquiere todavía más importancia a medida que envejecemos.
El objetivo no es simplemente vivir más años.
Es llegar a esos años manteniendo nuestra autonomía y nuestra capacidad funcional.
¿Qué es la resistencia anabólica?
La resistencia anabólica puede entenderse como una menor sensibilidad del músculo a los aminoácidos y al estímulo necesario para construir y mantener proteínas musculares.
Puede aparecer con la edad, pero no es exclusiva del envejecimiento.
También puede relacionarse con:
Inmovilidad.
Enfermedad.
Inflamación.
Falta de ejercicio.
Alteraciones metabólicas.
Y aquí encontramos un principio fundamental de la biología:
para que exista una respuesta tiene que existir un estímulo adecuado.
Comer proteína proporciona los aminoácidos necesarios, pero si no existe un estímulo muscular suficiente, la respuesta no será la misma.
Por eso, una persona que permanece inmovilizada durante un periodo prolongado puede perder masa muscular incluso aunque siga aportando proteína.
¿Qué relación existe entre resistencia a la insulina y músculo?
La resistencia a la insulina también puede influir en la respuesta del músculo a la proteína.
Entre los aminoácidos especialmente importantes para el músculo encontramos los aminoácidos de cadena ramificada, como:
Leucina.
Isoleucina.
Valina.
Para que estos aminoácidos puedan entrar en el músculo existe una relación con la señalización de la insulina.
Si una persona presenta resistencia periférica a la insulina, el músculo puede responder peor y captar de forma menos eficiente determinados aminoácidos.
Esto añade otra pieza al concepto de resistencia anabólica.
Y aquí aparece una relación interesante entre metabolismo, composición corporal y masa muscular.
¿Cómo podemos mejorar la sensibilidad a la insulina?
Una de las herramientas principales vuelve a ser el ejercicio físico.
Ganar masa muscular puede ayudar a mejorar la sensibilidad a la insulina y, al mismo tiempo, favorecer una mejor utilización de los nutrientes.
La alimentación también tiene un papel importante.
Entre las estrategias que se mencionan en el episodio encontramos el aumento del consumo de fibra, que puede contribuir a mejorar determinados parámetros metabólicos y a reducir la inflamación.
También se mencionan algunos complementos que pueden utilizarse como apoyo en determinados contextos, entre ellos:
Berberina.
Coenzima Q10.
Licopeno.
Silimarina.
Gymnema sylvestre.
Mio-inositol.
Pero una vez más, los complementos no sustituyen a las dos bases principales:
movimiento y alimentación adecuada.
¿Cuánta proteína podemos absorber en una comida?
Existe una idea muy extendida según la cual nuestro cuerpo solo puede absorber una cantidad determinada de proteína en una comida.
Sin embargo, desde el punto de vista de la digestión y absorción, no existe un límite sencillo a partir del cual el organismo deje de absorber la proteína ingerida.
Nuestro intestino cuenta con numerosos transportadores de aminoácidos y diferentes mecanismos de absorción.
Por tanto, no debemos pensar que si ingerimos más de una determinada cantidad en una comida, el resto simplemente "se pierde".
Lo que ocurre después de la absorción es diferente.
Una vez que nuestro organismo dispone de más aminoácidos de los que necesita para fabricar proteínas, estos pueden ser metabolizados.
El grupo amino se transforma en urea en el hígado y se elimina a través de la orina, mientras que la estructura carbonada puede seguir diferentes rutas metabólicas.
Por eso, absorber una proteína no significa necesariamente utilizar toda esa proteína para fabricar músculo.
Son procesos diferentes.
¿Todas las proteínas son iguales?
No.
Y aquí tenemos que introducir otro concepto fundamental: la calidad de la proteína.
Para valorar la calidad de una proteína no basta con saber cuántos gramos contiene.
También debemos saber:
Qué cantidad de aminoácidos esenciales aporta.
Qué parte de esa proteína podemos digerir.
Qué cantidad de esos aminoácidos podemos absorber y utilizar.
Actualmente, uno de los sistemas utilizados para valorar estos aspectos es el DIAAS, que tiene en cuenta la composición en aminoácidos esenciales y también la digestibilidad y biodisponibilidad de los aminoácidos.
Esto permite hacer una valoración más completa que simplemente mirar cuántos gramos de proteína aparecen en una etiqueta.
¿Qué alimentos tienen proteínas de mayor calidad?
Podemos encontrar proteínas de buena calidad tanto en alimentos de origen animal como vegetal.
Entre los ejemplos que se comentan en el episodio encontramos:
Leche.
Huevo.
Carne.
Pescado.
Soja.
Quinoa.
Trigo sarraceno.
Tofu.
Altramuz.
Guisante.
También encontramos proteínas aisladas con una elevada calidad proteica, como los aislados de suero, leche o soja.
Y esto es importante porque desmonta otra idea frecuente:
no es necesario consumir alimentos de origen animal para conseguir proteínas de buena calidad.
Existen fuentes vegetales con una buena composición de aminoácidos y, además, podemos combinar diferentes alimentos para mejorar el perfil global de aminoácidos de nuestra alimentación.
¿Qué es la complementariedad de las proteínas?
Las diferentes proteínas vegetales pueden presentar cantidades distintas de determinados aminoácidos.
Pero esto no significa que una alimentación vegetal no pueda aportar todos los aminoácidos esenciales.
Aquí entra en juego el concepto de complementariedad.
Si una proteína tiene una cantidad menor de un determinado aminoácido, podemos combinarla con otra proteína que aporte una cantidad mayor.
Por ejemplo, podemos combinar a lo largo del día diferentes alimentos como:
Cereales.
Legumbres.
Huevos.
Soja.
Guisantes.
Frutos secos y semillas.
No es necesario que cada comida sea matemáticamente perfecta.
Lo importante es la alimentación en su conjunto.
Por eso, cuando valoramos la calidad proteica, debemos mirar también el conjunto de alimentos que una persona consume durante el día.
¿Qué papel tiene la leucina en el músculo?
Entre los aminoácidos esenciales, la leucina tiene un papel especialmente relevante en el músculo.
Junto con la isoleucina y la valina, forma parte de los aminoácidos de cadena ramificada.
La leucina es especialmente importante porque participa en las señales relacionadas con la síntesis de proteínas musculares.
Pero esto no significa que podamos reducir la nutrición muscular a la leucina.
Para fabricar una proteína necesitamos todos los aminoácidos necesarios.
La leucina puede actuar como una señal importante, pero el organismo necesita disponer del resto de aminoácidos esenciales para completar la síntesis proteica.
Por eso, una proteína completa y de buena calidad tiene sentido dentro de una estrategia destinada a mantener la masa muscular.
¿Qué ocurre cuando estamos enfermos o inmovilizados?
Durante una enfermedad, un periodo de inmovilidad o un proceso inflamatorio importante, mantener la masa muscular puede resultar especialmente difícil.
El organismo puede aumentar la degradación de proteínas musculares y disminuir la capacidad de construir nuevas proteínas.
En estas situaciones, además de intentar mantener una ingesta suficiente de proteína y realizar ejercicio cuando sea posible, puede tener sentido recurrir a determinados complementos.
Uno de los que se destaca especialmente en el episodio es el HMB.
¿Qué es el HMB y para qué puede servir?
El HMB es un metabolito derivado de la leucina.
Se produce de manera natural en nuestro organismo, aunque en cantidades muy pequeñas.
Su principal interés en este contexto es que puede ayudar a reducir la degradación de proteínas musculares, un proceso conocido como proteólisis.
Esto puede resultar especialmente interesante en situaciones en las que el músculo está sometido a un mayor riesgo de pérdida, como:
Fragilidad.
Inmovilidad.
Enfermedad.
Procesos inflamatorios importantes.
Esto no significa que el HMB sustituya a la proteína o al ejercicio.
De hecho, el orden de prioridades debería seguir siendo:
proteína suficiente + ejercicio de fuerza + evitar la inmovilidad.
El HMB puede utilizarse como apoyo cuando estas herramientas no son suficientes o cuando existen situaciones concretas en las que mantener la masa muscular resulta especialmente difícil.
¿El colágeno puede sustituir a una proteína completa?
El colágeno es una proteína muy importante.
De hecho, es la proteína más abundante del organismo y tiene una estructura característica en triple hélice.
Es fundamental para tejidos como la piel, los tendones y los ligamentos.
Pero aquí tenemos que diferenciar dos conceptos.
Una cosa es que el colágeno sea una proteína importante para nuestro organismo y otra muy diferente es que sea una buena fuente de proteína dietética completa.
El colágeno tiene una composición de aminoácidos diferente y presenta cantidades muy bajas o ausencia de determinados aminoácidos esenciales, como el triptófano. Además, contiene poca leucina y metionina.
Por eso, el colágeno no debe utilizarse como sustituto de una proteína completa.
Podemos utilizar péptidos de colágeno por otros motivos, ya que existe evidencia sobre determinados parámetros relacionados con la piel, los tendones o los ligamentos.
Pero esto no significa que pueda sustituir a alimentos como el huevo, el pescado, la carne, la soja o una proteína aislada cuando nuestro objetivo es cubrir las necesidades generales de proteína.
Son objetivos diferentes.
Proteína y músculo: ¿qué deberíamos recordar?
Después de hablar de digestión, absorción, calidad proteica, edad, ejercicio, resistencia anabólica y metabolismo, podemos quedarnos con varias ideas.
Primero: la proteína no sirve únicamente para construir músculo.
Los aminoácidos que obtenemos a través de la alimentación se utilizan para fabricar proteínas estructurales, enzimas, hormonas y muchas otras moléculas necesarias para el funcionamiento del organismo.
Segundo: la cantidad importa, pero la calidad también.
No debemos fijarnos únicamente en cuántos gramos de proteína contiene un alimento. También tenemos que valorar sus aminoácidos esenciales, su digestibilidad y su biodisponibilidad.
Tercero: las necesidades de proteína no son iguales para todo el mundo.
La edad, el ejercicio, el estado de salud, la movilidad y el contexto metabólico pueden modificar nuestras necesidades.
Cuarto: el ejercicio de fuerza es fundamental.
No basta con comer proteína si queremos mantener nuestra masa muscular. El músculo necesita un estímulo adecuado para responder.
Quinto: con la edad puede aparecer resistencia anabólica.
Por eso, mantener una buena ingesta de proteína y realizar ejercicio de fuerza se vuelve todavía más importante a medida que envejecemos.
Y, por último, el colágeno no sustituye a una proteína completa.
Puede tener interés para determinados tejidos y objetivos concretos, pero no debemos confundir sus propiedades específicas con su capacidad para cubrir las necesidades generales de proteína.
Porque, al final, cuando hablamos de nutrición y de salud muscular, no existe una única variable que explique todo.
La cantidad de proteína importa. La calidad importa. El ejercicio importa. La edad importa. El estado metabólico importa. El descanso y el estilo de vida también.
La salud, una vez más, no funciona por piezas aisladas.
Transformar tu salud es cuestión de aplicar ciencia con constancia, día a día.
Ojala os guste :)Para mas información ya sabéis que me tenéis en mi instagram @isabelvina dónde te comparto contenido diarioMi TikTok @isabelvinabasEn mi canal de YouTube
Y los suplementos formulados por mi https://ivbwellness.com
All Episodes
EP 103. Abundant Rules: The 5 Most Frequent Causes.
Hola :)En el podcast de hoy os explico qué hay detras de las menstruaciones abundantes.Empezaremos por definir qué es una regla abundante ( pista, si crees que tus menstruaciones son abundantes, probablemente lo sean)Cuales son las principales causas de reglas abundantes: miomas, polipos, endometriosis, problemas tiroideos, cáncer, enfermedades autoinmunes..Cómo saber qué es lo que a ti te causa esas reglas abundantesQué tratamientos disponibles hay ( fármacologicos, complementos alimenticios y procedimientos quirurgicos)Espero que os guste :)Para mas información ya sabéis que me tenéis en mi instagram @isabelvina dónde te comparto contenido diario Mi TikTok @isabelvinabas En mi canal de YouTube https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-dfdxLBcvfztBvRAKZSXGQY los suplementos formulados por mi https://ivbwellness.comPara mas información ya sabéis que me tenéis en mi instagram @isabelvina dónde te comparto contenido diario Mi TikTok @isabelvinabasEn mi canal de YouTube Canal YoutubeY los suplementos formulados por mi en mi web Mi web
EP 102. Body Fat: Types, Functions, and How to Evaluate It.
Hola :)In today's episode, I'm bringing back a podcast VIP: my father, Dr. Juan Viña, Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, to explain everything about body fat.In the podcast, we will learn:
Types of fat we have: white, brown, and beige.
Types of white fat: regional differences and health implications of having white fat in the subcutaneous area (abdominal and femoral-gluteal), in the visceral area (epicardial, retroperitoneal, and intraperitoneal), or having it in ectopic areas (which causes organ damage and is found in the liver, heart, muscle, and pancreas).
How do we easily assess the amount of fat?
We will discuss the limitations of BMI and other better alternatives.
How we assess fat distribution.
The role of excess insulin in the accumulation of visceral and ectopic fat.
What types of fat-storing phenotypes exist.
Health implications of poor fat distribution.
For more information, you know you can find me on my Instagram @isabelvina where I share daily content.My TikTok @isabelvinabasOn my YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-dfdxLBcvfztBvRAKZSXGQAnd the supplements formulated by me https://ivbwellness.comFor more information, you know you can find me on my Instagram @isabelvina where I share daily content.My TikTok @isabelvinabas.On my YouTube channel YouTube Channel.And the supplements formulated by me on my website My website.
EP 101. Vitamin B9: Why It Matters More Than You Think.
Vitamin B9 and Folic Acid: Why They Are Not Exactly the Same
Hello, I am Dr. Isabel Viña Bas, physician and Scientific Director of IVB Wellness Lab. The vitamin B9 is one of those nutrients that almost everyone automatically associates with pregnancy. And yes, it is essential during this stage, but reducing it to "the vitamin that pregnant women take" is only seeing a small part of the story.
B9 is involved in processes that happen every day, whether you are trying to get pregnant or not: blood cell production, homocysteine metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, nitric oxide production, collagen formation, and liver detoxification reactions. In addition, there is a huge confusion between two terms that we use as if they were synonyms: folate and folic acid.
My goal here is to help you understand that difference and, above all, to know what you should actually look for when reading the label of a food supplement. Because in vitamin B9, as is so often the case in nutrition, it's not just about how much you take: the form in which it reaches your body matters immensely.
Vitamin B9, folate, and folic acid: are they really the same thing?
When we talk about vitamin B9 or folates, we are referring to a family of natural and active molecules. The base form is tetrahydrofolate, from which other functional forms derive, such as 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, one of the most important in our body.
El folic acid, on the other hand, is a synthetic molecule created in a laboratory and used for decades to fortify foods and manufacture low-cost food supplements. The fundamental difference is that our body cannot use it directly: it first has to transform it.
I like to think of it like buying a piece of furniture that still needs to be assembled. Active folate is already assembled and ready to go into the room and do its job. Folic acid arrives in pieces, and the liver has to assemble it before useIf that assembly line is slow or limited, some of the material is left waiting.
The folic acid bottleneck: why the supplement form matters
To convert synthetic folic acid into forms that the body can use, the liver requires several enzymatic transformations. One of the main ones depends on the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, o DHFR.
This enzyme has a limited capacity, around 300 micrograms dailyTherefore, if a person takes larger amounts of inactive folic acid, it may not all be converted with the same efficiency.
Here is one of the reasons why I insist so much on reading the label. If we are looking to provide vitamin B9, it is much more interesting to find already active or pre-activated forms: names like this may appear on the packaging 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, 5-MTHF, Quatrefolic®, Metafolin®, or Lederfolin®.
It's not about obsessing over technical words. It's about understanding that two products can declare "400 micrograms of vitamin B9" and yet, do not provide the same molecular form.
MTHFR: why your genetics make choosing active folate even more important
There are also people who have a reduced ability to convert folate due to variants of the MTHFR gene. I am speaking specifically of the C677T polymorphism, which can significantly decrease the ability to produce 5-methyltetrahydrofolate.
This turns the previous process into a sort of highway with fewer lanes: the nutrient may be present, but the body has more difficulties to bring it to its final usable form.
These variants are especially common in the Mediterranean population. That is why, for people in this situation, it makes even more sense to choose a B9 shape already activated instead of relying solely on the metabolic conversion of folic acid.
Where do we find vitamin B9 in food?
Vitamin B9 is highly present in plant-based foods: unfortified nutritional yeast, sunflower seeds, legumes, leafy green vegetables, asparagus, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and avocado, orange, banana, and wheat germ.
But there is a small problem: folate is a rather heat-sensitive
That is why it makes sense to combine cooked vegetables with other gentler preparations: raw leafy greens when well tolerated, uncooked avocado, and techniques such as vapor rather than very long cooking times.
Eating folate is not enough: zinc, alcohol, and digestive acidity also matter
Another idea that I think is very important is that a diet rich in folate does not automatically guarantee that we are going to use them well. Antes de absorberlos, nuestro aparato digestivo tiene trabajo que hacer.
The folates present in food usually appear in forms called polyglutamates. To process them, we need an intestinal enzyme, the folate hydrolase, cuya actividad depende del zinc. Además, el alcohol puede inhibir esta enzima.
Then comes the absorption phase. In the proximal small intestine, there is a transporter called PCFT that functions best in an acidic environment. This is why drugs that intensely reduce gastric acidity, such as some proton pump inhibitors, can interfere with this route of absorption.
It is a good example of why, when a deficiency appears, we should not only look at "how much folate you eat." We must look at diet, digestion, medication, alcohol, and metabolic capacity
Vitamin B9 and homocysteine: why does it work as a team with vitamin B12?
One of the most important functions of folates occurs in homocysteine metabolism. The homocysteine, when it accumulates, is associated with a more inflammatory, oxidative, and procoagulant environment.
work in tandem with vitamin B12. Folate and B12 work together in a sort of metabolic pathway that allows homocysteine to be transformed and continue generating essential molecules.
From this pathway comes, among other things, SAMe (S-adenosylmethionine), a methyl group donor essential for many reactions: synthesis of melatonin and catecholamines, maintenance of the myelin
Here is an important clinical warning: if we detect a folate deficiency, we must also assess vitamin B12. Giving B9 in isolation can mask signs of a B12 deficiency
From serotonin to nitric oxide: how far does B9 really go?
Another reason why I say vitamin B9 matters much more than we think is that it is involved in the production of tetrahydrobiopterin. This molecule acts as a cofactor in essential pathways for producing nitric oxide, serotonin, and dopamine.
Nitric oxide is one of the body's major vasodilators. That is why I link an adequate availability of folates with the vascular health, with blood pressure regulation, and with erectile function.
In the brain, those same pathways are involved in the production of serotonin and dopamine. When folate is lacking, symptoms may appear that seem non-specific (fatigue, irritability, headache, or mood changes), but make sense when we understand everything this vitamin does to biochemical level.
Collagen, glutathione, and bile: the unexpected connection with glycine
There is a connection with vitamin B9 that is almost never explained: its relationship with the wisteria. El tetrahidrofolato participa en la transformación de serina en glicina, y la glicina es uno de esos aminoácidos pequeños que termina apareciendo en muchísimos procesos.
We need it to manufacture glutathione, one of the body's main antioxidant systems, to conjugate bile acids, for phase 2 liver detoxification reactions, and for build collagen.
I like to use a very graphic fact: glycine is constantly repeated in the helical structure of collagen. That is to say, even when we think of skin, joints, or connective tissue, the B9 metabolism keeps appearing behind the scenes.
Folic acid and pregnancy: why you need to start before a positive test?
Here we come to the most well-known function of vitamin B9, and also one of the most important. I recommend starting an adequate intake of folate approximately three months before before starting to trying to conceive.
The reason is simple: embryonic development begins long before many women even know they are pregnant. The neural tube closes around the first weeks of gestation, so wait for a positive test can mean arriving late to that initial phase.
But the relationship with fertility no es exclusivamente femeninaIn men, folates contribute to the maintenance of sperm DNA integrity preconception preparation, tiene sentido pensar en la pareja y no únicamente en la mujer.
It is also associated with adequate folate status during pregnancy with fetal development, the placenta, and intrauterine growth. Again, the key lies in arrive with adequate reservations before gestation begins, rather than trying to correct them once the process is already underway.
How much vitamin B9 do we need and what should you look for in a supplement?
The recommended amounts range between 400 and 600 micrograms daily for the general population and pregnancy, and between 800 and 1,000 micrograms for twin pregnancies. A maximum safety limit of 1,000 micrograms daily is also established.
Rather than chasing huge doses, my advice is to look at the form first. If a label simply says "folic acid," you are looking at the synthetic form that needs activation. If 5-MTHF, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, or an equivalent form like Quatrefolic® or Metafolin® appears, we are talking about already activated folate.
meet needs in a useful and secure way, do not stack food supplements without context.
How to know if you are deficient in vitamin B9?
A sustained deficiency can eventually lead to megaloblastic anemia, with symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, or palpitations. Headaches, irritability, and digestive issues may also occur.
Analytically, it follows a very useful sequence: first, serum folate may drop; next, homocysteine may rise; later, intraerythrocytic folate (which better reflects the reserves of recent months) may decrease; and, finally, there appears the anemia.
That is why it is not advisable to wait until you have overt anemia to start investigating. In people with symptoms, restrictive diets, intestinal problems, celiac disease, SIBO, or pharmacological treatments that interfere with this pathway, it makes sense interpret the markers within the complete clinical context.
So, what is the most important thing to remember about vitamin B9?
That "vitamin B9" and "folic acid" they are not exactly the sameThat molecular form matters. That your genetics, your digestion, and certain medications can change how much you benefit from it. And that its function doesn't end with pregnancy: it plays a role in blood vessels, neurotransmitters, collagen, glutathione, homocysteine, and cell division.
If I had to summarize it in a single idea, it would be this: when you read a label, don't just look at the number of micrograms. Also ask yourself what form of folate it contains
much more informed decisions
I hope you like it :) For more information, you know you can find me on my Instagram @isabelvina, where I share daily content with you My TikTok @isabelvinabas YouTube ChannelAnd the supplements formulated by me on my website My website
EP 100. Essential Amino Acids, Appetite, Choline, and Cognitive Health with Dr. Juan Viña.
Hello :) In today's episode, and thanks to your loyalty, we are celebrating episode number 100 after more than two years together!!How time has flown... a thousand thanks to everyone who has been with me for however long you've been sharing moments and letting me show you everything I believe can add value to your lives within the complex world of health and medicine.In this special episode, we once again have the presence of Doctor Juan Viña, Doctor and professor of biochemistry and molecular biology at the University of Valencia, and above all: my father.In today's episode, we answer the questions:What are essential amino acids and why are they called "essential"?What role do ghrelin and leptin play as appetite control hormones?What is choline and why is it a key nutrient during pregnancy and breastfeeding?What is S-AMe and what is its key role in metabolism?How has medicine advanced in the last 50 years and the role of artificial intelligence in current medicine? I hope you enjoy it very much :) Let us know :)For more information, you know you can find me on my Instagram @isabelvina where I share daily content My TikTok @isabelvinabasOn my YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-dfdxLBcvfztBvRAKZSXGQAnd the supplements formulated by me https://ivbwellness.comFor more information, you know you can find me on my Instagram @isabelvina where I share daily content My TikTok @isabelvinabasOn my YouTube channel YouTube ChannelAnd the supplements formulated by me on my website My website
EP 99. Lipoprotein(a): The Forgotten Factor in Cardiovascular Health.
Lipoprotein(a): What It Is, Values, and How to Reduce Your Cardiovascular Risk
Hello, I am Dr. Isabel Viña Bas, a physician and Scientific Director of IVB Wellness Lab. When we talk about cardiovascular health, almost everyone stops at two words: cholesterol and triglycerides. We focus on LDL, celebrate if HDL is good, and think that's the end of the story. But there is a particle that may have been circulating in your blood for years without anyone ever asking for it in a blood test: Lipoprotein(a), or Lp(a). And this is one of those cases where knowing more doesn't mean living with more fear, but rather making better decisions.
Lipoprotein(a) has a huge genetic component, affects approximately 1 in 5 people, and can raise your cardiovascular risk even when the rest of your lipid profile is fine. You don't choose the genes you are born with, but you can certainly get to know them.
What is Lipoprotein(a) and why isn't it just "another bad cholesterol"?
Lipoprotein(a) is a particle that transports lipids through the blood. At first glance, it looks like other cholesterol-related particles, but it has a plus: in addition to transporting fats, it behaves as an inflammatory and oxidizing agent in its own right.
With traditional cholesterol, we talk mostly about diet, exercise, body composition, or metabolism. With Lipoprotein(a), the weight of genetics is much greater: more than 90% of its levels are genetically determined.
And this avoids two very common mistakes. The first: thinking "if it came back high, it's because I'm doing something wrong." Not necessarily. The second, falling into the opposite extreme: "since it's genetic, I can't do anything." Also not true: you can work on everything surrounding it.
The marble and gum analogy: why Lipoprotein(a) sticks so easily
To explain its structure, I'm going to use a very simple mental image. Imagine a traditional cholesterol particle as a smooth marble circulating in the blood. Lipoprotein(a) is that same marble, but with a piece of "gum" stuck on top.
That gum is apolipoprotein(a). It makes the particle different and gives it a greater capacity to adhere and participate in inflammatory and oxidative processes on the vascular wall. Counterintuitively, the smaller that apolipoprotein(a) is, the greater the associated risk can be; larger forms usually carry less risk.
I like this metaphor because it makes one idea clear: we are not simply talking about "having more cholesterol." We are talking about a particle with its own characteristics that deserves to be evaluated specifically.
Why should you measure Lipoprotein(a) at least once in your life?
Precisely because it is so conditioned by genetics, you don't need to chase it in every blood test as we do with other markers that change with lifestyle. The 2022 consensus of the European Atherosclerosis Society recommends measuring Lipoprotein(a) at least once in your life for the general population.
The logic is simple. If the value comes back low, you now know one more piece of your cardiovascular risk puzzle, and since it depends so much on genetics, there is no need to repeat it continuously. If it comes back high, you have discovered a predisposition that allows you to act sooner.
Ideally, this information should be known from young adulthood. Not to medicalize a healthy person, but because a genetic exposure that acts over decades is much better prevented over time than it is discovered after a cardiovascular event.
What are the normal values for Lipoprotein(a) and when do they indicate risk?
One of the points that causes the most confusion is that laboratories express Lipoprotein(a) in different units. I work with two references:
Low values: below 30 mg/dL or 75 nmol/L. In this range, Lp(a) does not add that genetic risk component we talked about.
High values: above 50 mg/dL or 125 nmol/L. From here on, we are talking about a cardiovascular risk factor that must be integrated into your overall assessment.
And here is the keyword: overall. An isolated value does not decide whether you are going to have a heart attack. It serves to build a much more complete risk map.
What risks does high Lipoprotein(a) have for your heart?
Elevated Lipoprotein(a) functions as an independent risk factor: it can add risk even if the rest of your cholesterol is fine.
It is related to events such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure. It also has an interesting relationship with the aortic valve, because it promotes calcification that can end up narrowing it and causing aortic stenosis.
That is why I don't like to reduce all cardiovascular prevention to "having good or bad cholesterol." The heart does not get sick from a single figure: lipid particles, blood pressure, glucose and insulin, smoking, inflammation, the state of the arteries, and, in some people, a genetic predisposition like Lp(a) all come into play.
My Lipoprotein(a) came back high: what do I do now?
The first thing is not to panic or try to lower the number with randomly chosen food supplements. If Lipoprotein(a) is elevated, I recommend that the assessment continue with cardiology.
One of the tests that can be used is the echocardiogram, which allows you to see the heart valves and check if the aortic valve shows narrowing or calcification.
Another tool is the coronary Angio-CT and the assessment of arterial calcium using the calcium score. I use a guiding scale: a score of 0 is the ideal scenario; between 1 and 99 there is some calcification; above 100 the risk gains relevance, and above 300 we are talking about a very high calcium load.
These tests are not something you should order on your own because you read an article. They serve for a specialist to integrate your Lp(a) with your complete clinical situation.
Statins and Lipoprotein(a): the paradox that shouldn't make you abandon treatment
Here appears one of the doubts that scares people the most when they research on their own on the internet. There are reviews in thousands of patients where statins can raise Lipoprotein(a) between 10% and 20%.
Does that mean you should stop a statin if Lp(a) is high? No. And this is extremely important: never stop a statin on your own for that reason. The cardiovascular benefit it provides far outweighs that small increase in Lp(a).
If your cardiologist considers that the treatment should change, there are other pharmacological strategies for cholesterol (such as bempedoic acid, ezetimibe, or PCSK9 inhibitors) that are assessed individually. It is not about choosing a molecule by reading a list, but about treating the complete risk.
Today there is no approved drug whose specific indication is to lower Lipoprotein(a), although there are therapies in advanced stages of research. Some treatments used for other lipid alterations, such as PCSK9 inhibitors or lomitapide, can reduce it indirectly.
If genetics don't change, change the rest of the cards in the cardiovascular "bingo"
This is probably the most important idea in the entire article. Having high Lipoprotein(a) is not equivalent to having a written destiny. Cardiovascular disease is like a brownie: it doesn't appear because of a single ingredient.
If you already know you have that genetic predisposition, your goal is not to add avoidable risk factors. That means being demanding with smoking, alcohol, blood pressure, excess sugar, insulin resistance, body composition, and a sedentary lifestyle.
Strength training has a very interesting role here, because building muscle improves the metabolic environment and helps manage glucose and insulin better. You don't train to "lower Lp(a)" directly; you train to reduce the metabolic and inflammatory terrain.
Sugar, insulin, and arterial wall: why protecting the vessel matters as much as watching cholesterol
Another comparison I use a lot: when Coca-Cola falls on a surface, it remains sticky. A sustained excess of blood sugar damages the structural proteins of the vascular wall and worsens endothelial health.
If the arterial wall is deteriorated and, at the same time, a particle with great inflammatory and adhesive capacity is circulating, you are adding ingredients you don't want to combine. That is why controlling glucose and insulin is part of the same problem.
I also often talk about microplastics, whose presence within arteriosclerosis plaques has been linked to greater instability of those plaques. Modern cardiovascular risk is built by accumulation of exposures.
Fiber, microbiota, and antioxidants: how to support your cardiovascular terrain through nutrition
When genetics cannot be modified, nutrition ceases to be a tool to "correct the gene" and becomes a way to improve the scenario in which that gene is expressed.
Fiber is one of the pieces that interests me the most. Fibers like partially hydrolyzed guar gum, xylooligosaccharides, baobab, inulin, or fructooligosaccharides help the gut and can also support the metabolism of glucose and lipids.
That is why Fiber Total fits so well into this approach when the diet does not cover fiber needs. It combines Sunfiber® (partially hydrolyzed guar gum), PreticX® (xylooligosaccharides), and Inavea® (baobab and acacia gum), three types of fiber that work on the microbiota from different pathways.
Not just any probiotic works for any goal. For the lipid profile, I specifically use Lactobacillus reuteri LRC, originally known as NCIMB 30242, in an amount of 2.5 × 10⁹ CFU: specific strains studied for specific functions.
Berberine, silymarin, and antioxidants: how to reduce the risk you can modify
Another strategy I use is to work on glucose and lipid metabolism with tools like berberine and silymarin, especially when there is insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, or metabolic alterations that add cardiovascular risk.
With that logic, we formulated Metabolic-Max: it combines berberine in phytosome form Berbevis®, silymarin, Gymnema sylvestre, and chromium. It is not intended to "cure" a genetic Lipoprotein(a), but to act on modifiable metabolic factors.
The second front is oxidative stress. Coenzyme Q10, vitamins C and E, astaxanthin, lutein, quercetin, glycine, NAC, and lycopene are antioxidant support tools. Anti-OX Global brings together several of those compounds within a strategy aimed at cellular protection.
The idea is not to build a tower of food supplements. It is to identify which risk factors you actually have and prioritize. If your Lp(a) is high but the rest of your profile is controlled, the approach will be very different from that of someone who also smokes and has hypertension.
High Lipoprotein(a): a signal to better understand your risk, not to live in fear
Lipoprotein(a) summarizes very well how I understand preventive medicine. There are things we don't choose: genes, family history, certain predispositions. But knowing them allows us to stop playing blind.
Asking for it at least once, interpreting its values well, and, if it is elevated, assessing the real state of your cardiovascular system transforms a scary piece of data into useful information. Then comes the important part: protecting the arterial wall, controlling the rest of the cholesterol, not smoking, training muscle, and taking care of fiber.
You cannot peel the genetic "gum" off the marble, but you can certainly make the path it travels along much better protected.
Transforming your health is a matter of applying science with consistency, day by day. You have in your hands the necessary knowledge to better understand your cardiovascular risk and make decisions with criteria, without alarmism and without ignoring important signals.
I hope you like it :)
For more information, you know you can find me on my Instagram @isabelvina where I share daily content My TikTok @isabelvinabasOn my YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/@isabelvinaAnd the supplements formulated by me https://ivbwellness.com
EP 98. Osteoporosis: The Unknown Disease.
Hello :)In today's episode, I'll tell you why osteoporosis is a disease that begins to develop in childhood and goes unnoticed until it manifests with a fracture. That, in Spain, osteoporosis is responsible for 33 fragility fractures every hour and why everyone should know the importance of maintaining bone mass so that prevention becomes a reality.I also tell you which medications and diseases are associated with osteoporosis and therefore require special attention, emphasizing lifestyle measures such as strength and impact physical exercise, adequate nutrition, and cessation of toxic habits.How osteoporosis is diagnosed, even allowing you to assess your risk with the free and universal online tool FRAX (for each country)What supplementation measures can help usWhat medications are currently available, their pros and cons :)I hope you like it and, above all, learn something : )For more information, you know you can find me on my Instagram @isabelvina where I share daily contentMy TikTok @isabelvinabasOn my YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-dfdxLBcvfztBvRAKZSXGQAnd the supplements formulated by me https://ivbwellness.comFor more information, you know you can find me on my Instagram @isabelvina where I share daily contentMy TikTok @isabelvinabasOn my YouTube channel YouTube ChannelAnd the supplements formulated by me on my website My website
EP 97. Histamine and Health: The Connection You're Ignoring.
Hola :) In today's episode, I'm going to talk to you about everything related to the biogenic amine that our body produces normally and that, when in balance, is key for the immune system, memory, pain management, stomach acid production, and appetite control. HOWEVER, when it's in excess, it can lead to symptoms and signs that are "so" unrelated to each other, such as:Hives, itchy skinAbdominal bloating, abdominal pain, diarrheaRunny nose, itchy nose, cough, continuous tearingHypotension, tachycardiaMuscle and joint painI will also tell you about the endogenous (our body) and exogenous (diet or medication) origins of histamine accumulation.What can we do to diagnose histamine excess, first ruling out mastocytosis, mast cell activation syndrome, diseases like celiac disease, autoimmune conditions...What foods are high in histamine, which are lowSupplements that can help: quercetin, vitamin D, butyrate, trans resveratrol, probiotics like L. rhamnosus GG, L. plantarum...For more information, you know you can find me on my Instagram @isabelvina where I share daily content My TikTok @isabelvinabas On my YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-dfdxLBcvfztBvRAKZSXGQ And the supplements formulated by me https://ivbwellness.comFor more information, you know you can find me on my Instagram @isabelvina where I share daily content My TikTok @isabelvinabasOn my YouTube channel YouTube ChannelAnd the supplements formulated by me on my website My Website
EP 96. Myo-inositol, Hormonal Benefits, and Lipedema.
Hola, en el episodio de hoy os cuénto:-Myoinositol: qué funciones tiene esta pseudovitamina en la adecuada función tiroidea, metabolismo de la insulina, fertilidad, acné, sueño y estado de animo.-Lipdema: qué es esta enfermedad de tejido contjuntivo laxo, por qué no tiene nada que ver con el exceso de grasa o celulitis y cómo podemos manejarla para mejorar la calidad de vida.Entre los suples que hablo del lipedema estánManejo del dolor e inflamación-PEA: Zerodol -Omega 3-Curcuma-BoswelliaManejo de liquido intersticial y permeabilidad vascular:-Trebol de olor amarillo (melilotus officinalis)-Extracto de semillas de uva ( vitis vinifera)-Diosmina y hesperidina-Cataño de indias-Diente de león-Cola de caballo-Extracto de uva ursi -PerejilPara mas información ya sabéis que me tenéis en mi instagram @isabelvina dónde te comparto contenido diario Mi TikTok @isabelvinabas En mi canal de YouTube https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-dfdxLBcvfztBvRAKZSXGQY los suplementos formulados por mi https://ivbwellness.comPara mas información ya sabéis que me tenéis en mi instagram @isabelvina dónde te comparto contenido diario Mi TikTok @isabelvinabasEn mi canal de YouTube Canal YoutubeY los suplementos formulados por mi en mi web Mi web
EP 95. Migraines, Fructose Intolerance, and Chronic Corticosteroids.
Helloooooo!Happy day and thank you so much for listening :)In today's episode we're going to talk about-Migraines: why they appear, why there are migraines related to the menstrual cycle, what supplements (besides lifestyle changes) can help, such as magnesium, PEA, CoQ10, and riboflavin.-Fructose and sorbitol intolerance: which cases are reversible and how we can reverse it or at least greatly improve it.-Chronic corticosteroid use: what aspects to consider.For more information, you know you can find me on my Instagram @isabelvina where I share daily contentMy TikTok @isabelvinabasThe supplements formulated by me on my website https://ivbwellness.comOn my YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-dfdxLBcvfztBvRAKZSXGQFor more information, you know you can find me on my Instagram @isabelvina where I share daily contentMy TikTok @isabelvinabasOn my YouTube channel YouTube ChannelAnd the supplements formulated by me on my website My website
EP 94. How Does Your Brain Get Fed? With Dr. Juan Viña.
Helloooo :)Today's episode is a very special one because I'm lucky enough to have the wisdom of my father, the doctor and professor of biochemistry and molecular biology, Juan Viña, join me again to discuss brain metabolism in detail. He will tell us (among other things):How does brain metabolism differ from the metabolism of the rest of the body?Can fatty acids be used in the brain as an energy source?How do amino acids reach the brain and which are the most important?Why taking carbohydrates with proteins can optimize our melatonin and serotonin production.Why glycine is a key amino acid for brain health.What choline is and why it's key for memory and learning.Cholesterol and the brain: what is the relationship between them.I hope you like it!!For more information, you know you can find me on my Instagram @isabelvina where I share daily content.My TikTok @isabelvinabasOn my YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-dfdxLBcvfztBvRAKZSXGQAnd the supplements formulated by me https://ivbwellness.comFor more information, you know you can find me on my Instagram @isabelvina where I share daily content.My TikTok @isabelvinabasOn my YouTube channel YouTube ChannelAnd the supplements formulated by me on my website My website
EP 93. Pans without hormonal disruptors, creatine, and hair loss.
Toxin-Free Pans, Creatine, and Alopecia: Debunking Myths from the Kitchen to Your Hair
Hello, I am Dr. Isabel Viña Bas, a physician and Scientific Director of IVB Wellness Lab. This week, I want to resolve two questions that you ask me constantly, both in consultations and on social media: what is going on with the pans you use daily and whether creatine can really make you lose your hair. Let's get to the important part: how to choose a pan that won't interfere with your hormones and why you can take creatine with peace of mind.
What are endocrine disruptors and why should you keep an eye on your pans?
Before talking about pans, we must name the enemy: endocrine disruptors. These are synthetic chemical substances capable of mimicking your natural hormones, fitting into their receptors, and sending signals that shouldn't be there. They are found in pesticides, fire retardants, plastics, and, massively, in the coating of classic non-stick pans, almost always based on perfluorinated compounds (PFAS). That gray coating we love so much because food doesn't stick is, in many cases, the entry point for PFAS into your body.
The triad that triggers the release of toxins: heat, fat, and acid
The pan brings together exactly the three conditions that maximize the transfer of these toxins from the utensil to your plate. Extreme heat destabilizes the material and releases microparticles. Fats, necessary for cooking, dissolve these fat-soluble compounds and carry them directly into your food. And if you add something acidic, like tomato, lemon, or vinegar, the erosion accelerates even further. That is why the pan holds a permanent spot on my priority list for reducing toxins at home, along with not heating food in plastic containers or avoiding thermal receipts.
Is the "PFOA-free" label useful?
Don't trust easy marketing. When PFOA was banned due to its proven toxicity, a large part of the industry replaced it with other perfluorinated compounds from the same family, such as GenX or PFOS, with an equally harmful effect on your metabolic, thyroid, and reproductive health. My recommendation is direct: if the packaging boasts "synthetic non-stick," that pan is not entering your kitchen.
Toxin-free pans: the map of materials you can actually use
The good news is that there are plenty of alternatives for cooking without hormonal residue. Here is my analysis of the materials I do recommend, with their advantages and their fine print.None of them force you to choose between health and convenience in the kitchen.
Mineral iron or carbon steel, the pan that lasts a lifetime
It is a combination of iron with a small percentage of carbon. It has no enamel or Teflon, so it is toxin-free by design, and it also releases minimal traces of iron into food, which is interesting if you have low iron or ferritin reserves. The downside is the weight and maintenance: it is not dishwasher safe and needs seasoning before its first use.
Before using it for the first time, wash it only with hot water, dry it well, add a thin layer of olive oil, and heat it until it smokes. Remove the excess with a paper towel and let it cool; this forms a natural non-stick film. In your day-to-day, wash it with hot water, without metal scrubbers, dry it immediately so it doesn't rust, and finish with a drop of oil before storing it.That two-minute ritual is what keeps it indestructible for years.
Enameled cast iron, my favorite pan for daily use
It combines the best of iron (spectacular heat distribution and zero toxins) with a layer of vitrified ceramic enamel that acts as a protective barrier. It doesn't need seasoning, it doesn't rust, and you can put it in the dishwasher without fear. Its only drawback is the price.For me, it is the most practical option of the three, without any pretense.
What do the numbers 18/10 or 18/0 on your stainless steel pan mean?
Stainless steel is clean and hygienic, but it is worth checking its "last name." Those numbers engraved on the back (18/10, 18/8, or 18/0) indicate the proportion of chromium and nickel in the alloy. Chromium, at 18%, prevents corrosion; nickel provides resistance to acids and high temperatures. If you have multiple chemical sensitivity or a nickel allergy, avoid the 18/10 and 18/8 versions and look for an 18/0 pan, which is nickel-free, or a titanium steel one.That detail, which almost no one looks at, may be exactly what you need if you have reactive skin.
The marble trick so nothing sticks
Many people hate stainless steel because eggs stick to it, and it is almost always because they cook on a cold surface. Place the empty pan over medium heat, wait about three minutes, and splash a few drops of water with your fingers. If they evaporate instantly, it is still cold. If, on the other hand, they form little balls that skate across the surface (the Leidenfrost effect), it is the exact moment to add the oil and the food. With that level of heat, absolutely nothing will stick, even in a pan without Teflon.
Changing the subject, from the kitchen to the scalp. If there is one ingredient that carries rumors in the gym, it is creatine, one of the most studied performance food supplements that exist, and also one of the ones that causes the most fear for no reason.That fear has a name: baldness.
Does creatine cause baldness or hair loss?
The fear of going bald is, by far, what holds women and men back the most when it comes to taking creatine. And the short answer is no.Creatine does not cause baldness or accelerate hair loss, and science backs this up quite strongly.
Where the myth comes from: the 2009 study that should never have gone viral
Everything is based on a single 2009 study with a small group of rugby players in South Africa who took very high loading doses, 25 grams per day. It was observed that their DHT levels rose by 56% in the blood, and that set off the alarm. The problem is that this study never measured the actual baldness of the subjects, did not evaluate free testosterone, started from baseline DHT values that were already disparate among the participants, and has never been able to be replicated. You can delve deeper into the real benefits of creatine beyond the myth. Since then, more than 600 clinical trials have tried to repeat the finding, and none have found either an increase in DHT or hair loss. A placebo-controlled trial from April 2025, by Lak and his team, went even further: it analyzed the scalp of athletes with direct trichoscopy at the follicular level and found no differences in hair density, miniaturization, or loss between those who took creatine and those who took a placebo.A single poorly designed study, published in 2009, remains the source of almost all the fear that exists today around creatine.
Creatinine and the kidney: why you shouldn't be scared by your blood test
The other classic concern is the blood test. When taking creatine, creatinine, a waste product of muscle metabolism, can appear slightly elevated, and there are quite a few primary care physicians who get scared and ask you to stop taking it immediately. It is a fairly common error of interpretation. Think of creatinine as household trash: if you put in more creatine, there is more metabolic activity and more trash is generated, but that does not mean that the kidney, the garbage collector, is broken; it just has more work to do. If you have doubts, ask for a cystatin C test, which is not altered by creatine or meat consumption, or stop taking creatine two weeks before the blood test to see how the values return to normal.High creatinine from taking creatine is not synonymous with kidney damage; it is basic metabolism math.
Creavitalis®, the creatine we formulate at IVB Wellness Lab
At IVB, we formulate our creatine exclusively with the Creavitalis® patent, micronized and ultra-filtered creatine monohydrate, with 99.9% purity and a particle size designed for impeccable absorption and digestive tolerance, without the diarrhea or water retention caused by cheap gym products.It is the formula I recommend myself when someone asks me which one to take.
Take care of your pan material to protect your hormonal balance and take your creatine without fear, knowing that science backs its safety for both your hair and your kidneys.
Author: Dr. Isabel Viña Bas
I hope you like it :)For more information, you know you can find me on my Instagram @isabelvina where I share daily content My TikTok @isabelvinabasOn my YouTube channel YouTube ChannelAnd the supplements formulated by me on my website My website
EP 92. Alcohol: Why Drinking It Catches Up With You.
Hola :)In today's podcast, I'll answer your metabolic, hormonal, and general health questions about alcohol that you sent me on my Instagram @isabelvina.So, knowing that the best thing is not to consume alcohol, anything we reduce in our consumption is welcome, and here's why:I'll explain why alcohol causes various types of cancer.Why alcohol affects hormonal health in women and men, especially highlighting its negative role on the fundamental hormone for our health: testosterone.Why alcohol increases our fat stores.How much alcohol constitutes 1 unit of alcohol and whether wine and gin have the same negative effects.Whether alcohol used in cooking can have the same detrimental health effects.I hope the episode helps you know more, fear less, and choose better for your health.For more information, you know you can find me on my Instagram @isabelvina where I share daily content.My TikTok @isabelvinabasOn my YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-dfdxLBcvfztBvRAKZSXGQAnd the supplements from my brand formulated by me https://ivbwellness.comFor more information, you know you can find me on my Instagram @isabelvina where I share daily content.My TikTok @isabelvinabasOn my YouTube channel YouTube ChannelAnd the supplements formulated by me on my website My Website